which of the following best explains diffusion?
However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. this monosaccharide yields the most energy of all macromolecules. Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. Which of these components add specialized functions to the plasma membrane? This page titled 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation. Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? The kinetic energy of the molecules results in random motion, causing diffusion. A. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? Retrieved from https://biologydictionary.net/diffusion/. When they move in the same direction, the protein that transports them is called a. This type of transport is known as _____. C. detoxify certain chemicals D. through oxidation reactions The cell is therefore not completely permeable. A typical grocery store in the United States may sell oranges grown primarily in California during part of the year and oranges grown primarily in South Africa during a different part of the year. This voltage will be maintained as long as K, For more explanation of how the voltage across the membrane is established, take a look at the. Can't that serve the same role? Which of the following is the best situation for maintaining homeostasis? That is because the molecules from the food odor havent diffused into that space yet. Which Of The Following Best Explains Diffusion Quizlet? Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? answer choices Through the process of ethnocentrism, American culture has spread throughout the world. At any given temperature, the diffusion of a smaller particle will be more rapid than that of a larger-sized molecule. Plantation farming is considered to be an intensive farming practice because it requires large inputs of labor and capital to produce the crop. Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the cytoskeleton? Direct link to Samuel Mayer's post In an antiporter it uses , Posted 7 years ago. Palm oil, an edible vegetable oil used in processing packaged food products, is obtained from the fruit of the oil palm tree, grown only in the tropics. In its outward-facing form, the pump switches allegiances and now really likes to bind to (has a high affinity for) potassium ions. Can you predict, based on the first way of doing the experiment, what might change, if anything? Option C is the correct answer because Cultural divergence (CD) happens when two cultures separate, therefore CD explains the best concept of driving forces of contemporary cultural diffusion. The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted. In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. Feedlots can minimize costs associated with livestock production because feedlots do not use as much space as cattle ranching. How, exactly, does the sodium-potassium pump establish a voltage across the membrane? Which of the following scenarios best explains the Columbian Exchange? Which of the following is used to export large molecules from the cell? The second sugar solution is hypertonic to the first. Would remain unchanged B. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is helped along (facilitated by) a membrane transport channel. (2009). Active transport mechanisms do just this, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to ____. The plasma membrane (see figure below) is made of a double layer of special lipids, known as phospholipids. Solution A and solution B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Farmers' health is at risk in less developed countries, whereas environmental pollution is a risk in more developed countries. Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Just like the first cup, the sugar is the solute, and the water is the solvent. Similarly, if a canister of liquid nitrogen leaks a little, nitrogen gas that escapes would quickly diffuse into the atmosphere. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP. Imagine you have a cup that has \(100 \: \text{mL}\) water, and you add \(15 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. Secondary active transport involves the movement of water by osmosis into a cell. Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Drought and depletion of groundwater sources in developing countries cause a rise in global grain prices and associated higher costs for food. Adult should review each experiment and determine what the appropriate age is for the students participation in each activity before conducting any experiment. movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. A Diffusion provides encryption strength, while confusion provides data integrity B. Diffusion provides function integrity, while confusion provides encryption confidentiality. Therefore, the rate of diffusion of the gas into air also increases. This can even be observed visually by the addition of different colored dyes to each of the liquids. The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce. The English language became a widely spoken language in North America in the twentieth century. Labor-intensive farming of vegetables is done in small-scale plots in market gardens, while extensive grain crops are grown in large-scale fields far from the market town. What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? Never needs the presence of any other molecule C. Diffusion of every molecule is dependent on its concentration gradient and independent of the concentration of other molecular species in the medium D. All of the above, 2. Microtubules are composed of protein subunits known as: Through the microscope, you see cells swimming. A power cycle operating at steady state receives energy by heat transfer at a rate QHatTH=1800K\dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}} \text { at } T_{\mathrm{H}}=1800 \mathrm{K}QHatTH=1800K and rejects energy by heat transfer to a cold reservoir at a rate QC\dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}QC at TC=600K.T_{\mathrm{C}}=600 \mathrm{K}.TC=600K. Direct link to Zaeen Iqbal's post i dont quite understand t, Posted 7 years ago. The plasma membrane is semipermeable, meaning that some things can enter the cell, and some things cannot. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Child Psychopathology - Ch 1 Review questions. Obviously, the cell could not survive in such an environment. For cell transport, diffusion is the movement of small molecules across the cell membrane. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. Channels are very selective and will accept only one type of molecule (or a few closely related molecules) for transport. What is the basic difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane? Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries. The sodium-potassium pump transports sodium out of and potassium into the cell in a repeating cycle of conformational (shape) changes. The high energy hot water model diffusion is important because its how we get oxygen to all the cells in our bodies. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image? How To Use Patchouli Oil For Erectile Dysfunction? Grain farming is an extensive farming practice that can maximize profits in part by lower land costs, lower transportation costs, and imperishability of the product. B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum If you say something, I ll ask someone at what age erectile dysfunction starts to clean it up. This statement describes _____. http://physrev.physiology.org/content/91/2/733, https://phys.org/news/2013-10-mechanism-sodium-potassium-revealed.html. Requested URL: byjus.com/biology/diffusion/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36 Edg/103.0.1264.62. Which of the following solutions will cause a red blood cell to shrink? Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming? Lettuce production in the United States is an example of commercial farming. Dairy cows must be kept close to farmhouses, as they require daily milking, and milk must be produced close to consumers, as it is highly perishable. A red blood cell will swell and undergo hemolysis (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. this is in relation to the electrochemical gradient section. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Also, think about where you see this happen in other places. The cell membrane allows the cell to stay structurally intact in its water-based environment. At equilibrium, there is equal movement of materials in both directions. This allows red blood cells to carry oxygen all over your body. Some molecules can go through the cell membrane to enter and leave the cell, but some cannot. It is the random motion of the molecules that causes them to move from an area of high concentration to an area with a lower concentration. fats and proteins yield too much energy for the cells to process. Simple diffusion and osmosis do not involve transport proteins. But now you have two mixtures of different solute concentrations. Actually, Sodium does go down its gradient but through specialized Sodium channels. It is an important process occurring in all living beings. Great question since proteins are very large and complex they almost always have regions with different characteristics including patches that have negative or positive charges. C. movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. See our Facilitated diffusion requires the assistance of proteins. (Show the details. After addition of 1.00mL1.00 \mathrm{~mL}1.00mL of 2.00102M2.00 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}2.00102M NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl, the potential changed to 0.1846V-0.1846 \mathrm{~V}0.1846V. Calculate the Na+\mathrm{Na}^{+}Na+concentration of the original solution. For instance, when iodine is sublimated over a hot stove, purple fumes begin to appear and mix with air. It is simply the statistical outcome of random motion. For example, how might this play into why coffee and tea always start with hot water? Process of Osmosis vs. Diffusion . At equilibrium, movement of molecules does not stop. Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power. D. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell with its concentration gradient. The cotransporter accomplishes this by physically coupling the transport of glucose to the movement of sodium ions down their concentration gradient. How To Prolong Ejaculation During Intercourse? As a prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, the DNA is in the cytoplasm. Most lettuce is produced, processed, and packaged for sale in supermarkets that are a significant distance from where the product was grown. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. This occurs because there is a net movement of sugar molecules into the water medium. On the other hand, facilitated diffusion, as the term indicates, requires the presence of another molecule (the facilitator) in order for diffusion to occur. D. Golgi apparatus. This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient". The material that diffuses could be a solid, liquid or gas. Secondary active transport uses the energy stored in these gradients to move other substances against their own gradients. The river in the long lot survey system provided better access to waterways to transport goods to market. Facilitated diffusion is powered entirely by GTP hydrolysis B. Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion? Passive processes that move substances across membranes ________. If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just tap on the card to take it out of the box. Posted 7 years ago. \end{aligned} The mixture of a solute in a solvent is called a solution. If sublimation is carried out in a narrow crucible, the fumes diffuse slowly out towards the mouth of the container and then rapidly disappear. However, for molecules in the periphery, rapidly moving molecules in the air also influence their movement, allowing them to diffuse into the air. passive transport: a method of transporting material that does not require energy. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will take in water across their membranes until both the external solution and the cytosol are isotonic. No, because the potassium is highly concentrated in the cell, and so that's where the molecules must go(based on active transport going low concentration to high concentration). Primary and secondary active transport. In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. They have the same charge, so it probably won't have something to do with that and Sodium is smaller than Potassium, so it seems like it should be easier!? For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. As time progresses, the differential gradient of concentrations between high and low will drop (become increasingly . synthesize ATP, Which of the following organelles synthesizes proteins? Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. tonicity: the amount of solute in a solution. Put it in freshwater, and the freshwater will, through osmosis, enter the fish, causing its cells to swell, and the fish will die. Epinephrine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose. Which of the following is the main component of the cell membrane? The phospholipid is a lipid molecule with a hydrophilic ("water-loving") head and two hydrophobic ("water-hating") tails. Allison Soult, Ph.D. (Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky). The food coloring mixes through the hot water faster than it mixes with the cold water. Which of the following correctly compares the significance of the different technologies shown in the images? In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? (2017, April 27). Glucose is the most commonly used energy source by human cells because (Points: 1) this is the most abundant macromolecule available for cellular respiration. Which of these statements is NOT true? This experiment was selected for Science at Home because it teaches NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas, which have broad importance within or across multiple science or engineering disciplines. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. B. Solutions of equal solute concentration are isotonic. Large polar molecules cannot diffuse across a biological membrane B. During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. The reaction proceeds as the two reactants diffuse towards each other and undergo a chemical reaction to form esters. The cytoplasm does not include the nucleus. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. The sugar dissolves and the mixture that is now in the cup is made up of a solute (the sugar) that is dissolved in the solvent (the water). What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic? Which of the following explains an economic benefit of cattle production using feedlots rather than grass pastures? D. mitochondria, Which of the following is a function of lysosomes? The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. how does the antiporter provide energy for molecules to go in the "opposite" direction? O To edit the mRNA strand and make it ready to leave the nucleus. Be sure to clean up when you are done. The hypertonic solution has a lower water concentration than the hypotonic solution, so a concentration gradient of water now exists across the membrane. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images? In this experiment, the food coloring that gets added is the same temperature in each of the hot and cold water tests. Agricultural technology has increased the economy of scale and the carrying capacity of feedlots, increasing profits for the farmer. Cells utilize oxygen in the mitochondria for aerobic respiration, which generates carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. 1) The "sodium/glucose symporter", known as SGLT (sodium glucose linked transporter), receives the energy needed to perform its transport from the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium/potassium pump. By osmosis: water will move from solution A to solution B. What happens when body cells are placed in a hypertonic solution? Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultu. If there was a coolant near the mouth of a crucible heating iodine how would that affect its rate of diffusion? The electrode system developed a potential of 0.2331V-0.2331 \mathrm{~V}0.2331V when immersed in 10.010.010.0 mL\mathrm{mL}mL of the solution of unknown concentration. Biology Dictionary. Which of the following explains the prevalence of banana plantations in Central America? Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post how does the antiporter p, Posted 7 years ago. As an example, let's suppose we have a high concentration of sodium ions in the extracellular space (thanks to the hard work of the sodium-potassium pump). Which of the following best explains the significance of similarities between the farming practices for apple orchards and grape vineyards? Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? Compared to plain milk or fresh fruit, these value-added agricultural goods significantly increase the price of the farm products sold and increase earnings for farmers. Explain why and how passive transport occurs; Understand the processes of osmosis and diffusion; Define tonicity and describe its relevance to passive transport; Plasma membranes must allow certain substances to enter and leave a cell, while preventing harmful material from entering and essential material from leaving. Diffusion in the human body is necessary for the absorption of digested nutrients, gas exchange, the propagation of nerve impulses, the movement of hormones and other metabolites towards their target organ and for nearly every event in embryonic development. One of the main characteristics of diffusion is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. 1. So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. In biological systems, diffusion occurs at every moment, across membranes in every cell as well as through the body. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions? These channels are . The first sugar solution is hypotonic to the second solution. You now add the two solutions to a beaker that has been divided by a semipermeable membrane, with pores that are too small for the sugar molecules to pass through, but are big enough for the water molecules to pass through. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. are in the same box the next time you log in. Na+ Ions move easily through water, which is polar, but cannot pass directly through the lipid (nonpolar) part of the cell membrane. The rate of this movement depends on the energy of the molecules. What values of a and b would complete each of the following (X and Y are not meant to be any particular elements): 266X+baY15aX+32b\begin{aligned} 266 \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \alpha+\mathrm{b}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{Y} \\ This makes it easier for the dye to get mixed throughout the hot water. This increases the rate at which solute and solvent molecules move, and increases collisions. If the alveoli in our lungs fill with fluid (pulmonary edema), the distance the gases must travel increases, and their transport decreases. Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse out rather than flowing in.Instead, the cell must bring in more glucose molecules via active transport.In active transport, unlike passive transport, the cell expends energy (for example, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient. Which of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication?
