The listing includes NIOSH investigation status indicators The . L502 then exited the window and descended a ground ladder. A significant year in firefighter fatality data. We take your privacy seriously. Although NIOSH gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the USFA in providing data ANGELO VERZONI is associate editor of NFPA Journal. One firefighter died by suicide while on duty, and another suffered an accidental drug overdose. NIOSH investigation. By Bill Carey. In an interactive map format, this site identifies fire fighter deaths that have "pending" or "completed" This could include wearing masks, gowns, face shields, and gloves. DECEMBER 2017 . the detailed info window for that case. Crews assigned to the basement had difficulty accessing the basement due to the bulkhead entrance blocked by debris. This Fire Fighter Fatality Map application combines information about NIOSH fatality investigations with links to final NIOSH reports, and (3) provide interactive map, CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. The lifetime risk of ever dying from cancer from any cause is 22%; Then a simple approximation of firefighter lifetime risk of cancer death is 1.14 x 22 = 25 percent. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. This video compliments the row house firefighting Fact Sheet and Poster. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit . One firefighter died after returning to the station after a false call from an automatic system. Author:Rita F. Fahy and Jay T. Petrillo The largest share of deaths occurred while firefighters were operating at fires or explosions (28 deaths). Crews still were operating in the basement, but due to fire extension, Command sent Engine 4 to the 1st floor on Side Alpha. Last year, a total of 140 firefighters in the United States died while on the jobmore than double the figure reported in 2019. Eighteenfirefighters were killed responding to or returning from alarms, the highest number of deaths in this category in the past eight years. One was shot on arrival at the scene. L403 was transported to the local trauma center and pronounced deceased. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Plus, a look at the 62 non-COVID-related on-duty firefighter deaths in 2020. Firefighters Killed When Struck by Vehicles, Firefighter Fatalities in the United States - 2020, US Fire Service Fatalities at Structure Fires, US Firefighter Deaths Related to Training, U.S. Firefighter Fatalities in High-Rise Building Fires, 2006-2015, U.S. Firefighter Deaths While at the Fire Station, U.S. Firefighter Fatalities Due to Wildland Fires, 2001-2015, Firefighter deaths by cause and nature of injury, irefighter fire ground injuries by nature of injury, Deadliest fires with 5 or more firefighter deaths at the fire ground, Deadliest incidents resulting in the deaths of 8 or more firefighters, Top 10 deadliest wildland firefighter fatality incidents. tabular statistics, and case listing access to data on all U.S. fire fighter on-duty A yellow marker preceding a case indicates a pending NIOSH investigation. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has a long history of working to protect firefighters. markers indicate an ongoing NIOSH investigation. A firefighter from Ladder 5 (L502) and a firefighter from Ladder 4 (L403) were separated from the other crews and from each other. Only selected incidents are investigated. The U. S. Fire Administration tracks and collects information on the causes of on-duty firefighter fatalities that occur in the United States. A 2nd Alarm for Box 5-49 was transmitted at 0419 hours at the request of Command (Car 4). Investigations, NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program, Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation & Prevention Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. At 0446 hours, the officer of Ladder 5 transmitted a Mayday for crews trapped on the 2nd floor. The study is intended to help identify approaches that could reduce the number of deaths in future years. the right-hand check boxes and pull-down lists, the map, statistics, and case listing According to the 9/11 Victim Compensation Fund, at least 100 first responders who were at the World Trade Center on 9/11 have died from COVID. Important Note: The "Incident Characteristics (USFA)" search criteria When your lung function and structure are not normal, your risk [of severe COVID] is greater. The Safeguarding Americas First Responders Act allows PSOB to recognize the eligibility of COVID-19 diagnoses for firefighters within 45 days of their last day on duty. Of those, 78 are believed to have died from line-of-duty COVID-19 exposures. What some people may not realize is that the majority of fire department emergency calls in the US are medical calls, said Curt Floyd, responder technical lead at NFPA. Watch a related NFPA Journal video about pandemic infection control procedures for first responders, as outlined in NFPA1581, Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program. NIOSH researchers and collaborators at the US Forest Service and Department of the Interior have finished the second year of a multi-year study investigating exposures and health effects among six federal 20-person firefighting crews. Firefighters need to be ready to respond to just about anything these days. Also, individual deaths may be assigned one or more medical or trauma classifications. He is a combat veteran w/OCONUS duty stations in "the Fulda Gap" and Geisen, West Germany, as well as Gagetown Canada, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and a virtual tour in Haiti. CDC twenty four seven. The purpose of this study is to determine v The United States Fire Administration reported that 1,955 firefighters died in the line of duty from 1998-2019. The video identifies specific structural elements within row houses and common areas of possible fire extension. are based on fatal event characteristics as provided to NIOSH by USFA. Challenges and Tactics of Fighting Row House Fires. At 0428 hours, Ladder 7 was positioned in front of the building and the tower ladder was put in service for roof ventilation. Protecting Firefighters. This annual study includes only on-duty firefighter fatalities that occurred in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Sudden cardiac death accounted for a higher proportion of the deaths among older firefighters, as might be expected. Firefighters died while responding to or returning from emergency incidents. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. The location may not reflect You can review and change the way we collect information below. Pick the best search method for you. Investigation Steps Blue markers indicate a completed Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. The nine deaths at structure fires included six in fires in one- and two-family homes, two in a library, and one in a barn. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Today, fire truck accidents are so frequent and fatal that they rank as the second-leading cause of on-the-job deaths for firefighters.7Up to 25 percent of annual line-of-duty firefighter fatalities are attributable to motor vehicle crashes and collisions.8Traffic accidents kill more firefighters than smoke, flames, or building collapses; in criteria. The marker information window displays Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. the specific search criteria selected. The fire extended to the 1st floor and 2nd floor of the fire building. Firefighting is an inherently dangerous and vitally important occupation. Be informed. are shown in the interactive map for the investigated deaths as well as all other fire fighter deaths. and age of the fire fighter are provided in the list. The total for the year is 96. A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. This study examined all firefighter fatality investigations (N = 189) completed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for fatalities occurring between 2004. Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program (FFFIPP). These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Ladder 4 reported on scene at 0403 hours. Firefighters died from activities related to an emergency incident. and incident data that may be subset by NIOSH investigation status. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. Death in the Line of DutyA summary of a NIOSH fire fighter fatality investigation F2018-18 Date Released: March 15, 2021 Executive Summary On December 9, 2018, a 36-year- old male firefighter died in a three-story duplex apartment building after becoming disoriented on the 2nd floor at Box 5-49. Thus, in a hypothetical population of 100 career . This meeting elicited valuable insights from the fire service community regarding the activities and plans of the NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. At 0358 hours, Fire Alarm dispatched Engine 5, Engine 4, Engine 2, Engine 13, Ladder 4, Ladder 7, Rescue 1, Ladder 1 (Rapid Intervention Crew) and Car 4 to Box 5-49 for a report of a basement fire. We take your privacy seriously. Firefighters died from activities at a fire scene. Be prepared. The incident month and year and the sex, rank, and age of the fire fighter are provided the map status indicator is changed to "completed" and the report is linked. Thus, the number of Fire Fighter Fatalities displayed in the Search Criteria block rarely will match the number of deaths listed in the table. Employment of firefighters is projected to grow 4 percent from 2021 to 2031, about as fast as the average for all occupations. The fire was declared under control at approximately 0651 hours. Sudden cardiac death accounted for a higher proportion of the deaths among older firefighters, as might be expected. The firefighters who died last year included 27 volunteer firefighters, 23 career firefighters, 10 employees or contractors of state and federal land management agencies, and two members of the military. At 0444 hours, a 3rd Alarm was transmitted for Box 5-49. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Due to the significant number of firefighter fatalities and injuries involving row house fires, the NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program developed an informational video that highlights the challenges and tactics for fighting fire in row houses. On-duty Fatalities: USFA fire fighter fatality data include on-duty deaths of paid and volunteer fire fighters, local and municipal fire fighters, government fire personnel, prison inmates on firefighting crews, and civilian and military personnel assigned to fire suppression activities. indicate deaths with the same location attribute, but the deaths may not have occurred to investigate a fatal incident, the map status indicator is changed to "pending." Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. A final report link appears in Engine 5 reported a working fire. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. In 2019, there were 47,500 suicide fatalities in the U.S. and an estimated 1.4 million suicide attempts [1]. marker indicates a completed NIOSH investigation. NWCG Report on Wildland Firefighter Fatalities in the United States: 2007-2016. is a report examining the causes of death for firefighters who work for various organizations across the United States. You can review and change the way we collect information below. This report contains overall statistics from NFPA's study on on-duty firefighter fatalities in 2021. Investigations When NIOSH decides Red markers indicate other on-duty fire fighter deaths that New Content About 28,000 openings for firefighters are projected each year, on average, over the decade. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. The upcoming NFPA report will focus mainly on these non-COVID deaths. of data updates, corrections, or inclusion criteria. Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program (FFFIPP), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation Reports (FACE), Firefighter Fatality Investigation Reports, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. deaths. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. are not currently being investigated by NIOSH. Map locations: All fatality locations are approximate. Four other firefighters came out another bedroom window and onto the platform of Ladder 7. Issued:August 2022. NIOSH also revised the prioritization guidelines [PDF 227 KB] for firefighter line of duty death investigations. identify fire fighter fatalities being investigated by NIOSH; (2) identify completed The 24 deaths of career firefighters while on-duty in 2020 continues the trend over the previous 10 years where the total has been in the 20s or lower. Yearly Struck By Vehicle Fatality Incidents Reports from the Emergency Responder Safety Institute. NIOSH. Many of the COVID-19 firefighter deaths in 2020 were tied to specific emergency calls, particularly medical calls, where firefighters were exposed to infected members of the public. We take your privacy seriously. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Eventually, extrication tools, ladders and lumber were used to lift the roof enough to remove Firefighter Guise at 1:56 a.m. However, the data displayed will only include fatalities with completed NIOSH investigations. selected fatal incidents and produces a final report with safety recommendations. Enter your email address to receive new reports/products. The applications search capabilities allow users to focus on specific characteristics PMS 841 . The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Privacy Policy Statistics: By selecting 1 or 2 categories in the fatality counts NIOSH's FFFIPP initiated 282 firefighter investigations during this period capturing 306 (41%) of the 742 fatalities reported by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): Only select traumatic injury and medical line-of-duty deaths are investigated through the FFFIPP. U.S. Activities may include operations at a fire or non-fire incident, responding to/from an incident, completing other officially assigned duties (e.g., training, maintenance, inspection), and on standby duty. The fatality rate for this occupation also xProtective service occupations (such as firefighters, law enforcement workers, police and sheriff's patrol officers, and transit and railroad police) had a 31.9-percent increase in fatalities in 2021, increasing to 302 from 229 in 2020. Six firefighters died at non-fire emergencies, including two at motor vehicle crashes, two during water rescues, one at a medical call, and one at the scene of a non-fire structural collapse. last years. L403 did not follow L502 down the ladder. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Firefighting is a dangerous profession, and a growing body of research and data show the contributions that job-related exposures have in chronic illnesses, such as cancer and heart disease, and in behavioral health issues that may end in suicide. and links to completed reports. Senior Airman/Firefighter Young was killed while battling the blaze when a beam fell on him. and indicated in the map and case listing views. Portions of this site is funded by grants from the Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program of the U.S. Department . Terms of Use & Prevention Program, NIOSH Yellow These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. As a result of the 2020 COVID-related deaths, the total number of on-duty firefighter deaths in the US in 2020 was higher than has been reported since the late 1970s. may not match fatality information published by USFA or other data sources because Structure Fires in Religious and Funeral Properties, Fire Safety Challenges of Tall Wood Buildings, Phase 2: Tasks 2 & 3 Development and Implementation of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) Compartment Fire Tests, Phase 2: Task 4 Engineering Analysis and Computer Simulations, Phase 2: Task 5 Experimental Study of Delamination of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) in Fire, Chimney Top Devices in International Codes, Impact of Chimney-top Appurtenances on Flue Gas Flow, Egress Modelling in health Care Occupancies, Total Evac Systems for Tall Buildings Literature Review, Total evacuation systems for tall buildings, Pilot Evaluation of the Remembering When Program in Five Communities in Iowa, Aircraft Loading Walkways Literature and Information Review, Evaluating Occupant Load Factors for Ambulatory Health Care Facilities, Determining Self-Preservation Capability in Pre-School Children, Disaster Resiliency and NFPA Codes and Standards, Validation of the Fire Safety Evaluation System in the 2013 Edition of NFPA 101A, Non-Fire Hazard Provisions in NFPA Codes and Standards: A Literature Review, Fire Safety Challenges of Green Buildings, Archived reports - Building and life safety, Audible Alarm Signal Waking Effectiveness: Literature Review, Carbon Monoxide Incidents: A Review of the Data Landscape, Combustible Gas Dispersion in Residential Occupancies and Detector Location Analysis, Door Messaging Strategies: Implications for Detection and Notification, Evaluation of the Responsiveness of Occupants to Fire Alarms in Buildings: Phase 1, Review of Alarm Technologies for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Populations, Smoke Detector Spacing for High Ceiling Spaces, Smoke Alarm Nuisance Source Characterization: Experimental Results, Smoke Alarm Nuisance Source Characterization Phase 1, Fire Alarms and People with ASD: A Literature Summary, Guidance Document: Emergency Communication Strategies for Buildings, Parameters for Indirect Viewing of Visual Signals USed in Emergency Notification, Carbon Monoxide Diffusion through Porous Walls: A Critical Review of Literature and Incidents, Carbon Monoxide Toxicology: Overview of Altitude Effects on the Uptake and Dissociation of COHb and Oxygen in Human Blood, Archived reports - Detection and signaling, Electric Circuit Data Collection: An Analysis of Health Care Facilities, Fire resistance of concrete for electrical conductors, Fatal Electrical Injuries of Contract Workers, Occupational Injuries from Electrical Shock and Arc Flash Events, Assessment of Hazardous Voltage/Current in Marinas, Boatyards and Floating Buildings, Emergency Response to Incident Involving Electric Vehicle Battery Hazards, Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Safety Training for Emergency Responders, Development of Fire Mitigations Solutions for PV Systems Installed on Building Roofs - Phase 1, Evaluation of Electrical Feeder and Branch Circuit Loading: Phase 1, Electronic cigarette explosions and fires, Data Assessment for Electrical Surge Protection Devices, Analytical Modeling of Pan and Oil Heating On an Electric Coil Cooktop, Development of Standardized Cooking Fires for Evaluation of Prevention Technologies, Commercial Roof-Mounted Photovoltaic System Installation Best Practices Review and All Hazard Assessment, Residential Electrical Fire Problem: The Data Landscape, NFPA 1700 Training Materials: Development of Training Materials to Support the Implementation of NFPA 1700, Guide for Structural Fire Fighting, Literature Review on Spaceport Fire Safety, An Analysis of Public Safety Call Answering and Event Processing Times, Development of real-time particulate and toxic gas sensors for firefighter health and safety, Economic Impact of Firefighter Injuries in the United States, Evaluating Data and Voice Signals in Pathway Survivable Cables for Life Safety Systems, Fire and Emergency Service Personnel Knowledge and Skills Proficiency, Incidents with Three or More Firefighter Deaths, Firefighter deaths by cause and nature of injury table, Deadliest fires with 5 or more firefighter deaths at the fire ground table, Incidents resulting in the deaths of 8 or more firefighters table, Top 10 Deadliest Wildland Firefighter Fatality Incidents table, Fireground Exposure of Firefighters A Literature Review, Flammable refrigerants firefighter training: Hazard assessment and demonstrative testing, Next Generation Smart and Connected Fire Fighter System, Public Safety Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) Compliance Training: Literature Review & Use Case Study, Review of Emergency Responder Standard Operating Procedures/Guidelines (SOP/SOG), Patterns of Female Firefighter Injuries on the Fireground, Evaluation of the Performance of Station Wear Worn under a NFPA 1971 Structural Fire Fighter Protective Ensemble, Recommendations for Developing and Implementing a Fire Service Contamination Control Campaign, Non-Destructive Assessment of Outer Shell Degradation for Firefighter Turnouts, Fire Fighter Equipment Operational Environment: Evaluation of Thermal Conditions, Developing a Research Roadmap for the Smart Fire Fighter of the Future, Evaluation and Enhancement of Fire Fighter PASS EffectivenessSection Page, Development of Permeation Test Method for Zippers and Other Closures, Evaluation of Intrinsic Safety for Emergency Responder Electronic Safety Equipment, Automotive Fire Apparatus Tire Replacement, Risk-Based Decision Support in Managing Unwanted Alarms, Impact of Fixed Fire Fighting Systems on Road Tunnel Resilience, Ventilation and Other Systems, High Hazard Flammable Trains (HHFT) On-Scene Incident Commander Field Guide, Liquid Petroleum Pipeline Emergencies On-Scene Incident Commander Field Guide, Analysis of Recruit Initial Fire Fighter Training Curricula, Using Crowdsourcing to Address Electric Vehicle Fires, Evaluation of Fire Service Training Fires, Development of an Environmental and Economic Assessment Tool (Enveco Tool) for Fire Events, Fire Based Mobile Integrated Healthcare and Community Paramedicine (MIH & CP) Data and Resources, Combustible Dust Flame Propagation and Quenching in Pipes and Ducts, Light Gas (Hydrogen) Dispersion Screening Tool, Variables Impacting the Probability and Severity of Dust Explosions in Dust Collectors, Evaluation of fire and explosion hazard of nanoparticles, Fire Hazard Assessment of Lead-Acid Batteries, Influence of particle size and moisture content of wood particulates on deflagration hazard, Vapor mitigation testing using fixed water spray system, Variables Associated with the Classification of Ammonium Nitrate | NFPA, Separation Distances in NFPA Codes and Standards, Evaluation of the Fire Hazard of ASHRAE Class A3 Refrigerants in Commercial Refrigeration Applications, Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility Fire Code Gap Analysis, Estimation of Fireball Dimensions from NFPA 68, LNG model evaluation protocol and validation database update, Hazard Assessment of Lithium Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems, Lithium ion batteries hazard and use assessment, Impact of Elevated Walkways in Storage on Sprinkler Protection - Phase 1, Impact of Home Fire Sprinkler System Requirements in California, Impact of Obstructions on Spray Sprinklers Phase I, Obstructions and Early Suppression Fast Response Sprinklers, Review of Oxygen Reduction Systems for Warehouse Storage Applications, Sprinkler Protection Guidance for Lithium-Ion Based Energy Storage Systems, Stakeholder Perceptions of Home Fire Sprinklers, Applying Reliability Based Decision Making to ITM Frequency, Storage Protection in the Presence of Horizontal Barriers or Solid Shelving Literature Review, Protection of Storage Under Sloped Ceilings, Fire Department Connection Inlet Flow Assessment, Use of Gaseous Suppression Systems in High Air Flow Environments - Phase 1, Quantification of Water Flow Data Adjustments for Sprinkler System Design, Water-Based Fire Protection System Tagging Review, Addressing the Performance of Sprinkler Systems: NFPA 25 and Other Strategies, Foam Application for High Hazard Flammable Train (HHFT) Fires, Impact of Fire Extinguisher Agents on Cultural Resource Materials, Protection of Exposed Expanded Group A Plastics, Literature Review on Hybrid Fire Suppression Systems, Evaluation of Water Additives for Fire Control, Fire ember production from wildland and structural fuels, WUI-NITY: a platform for the simulation of wildland-urban interface fire evacuation, Pathways for Building Fire Spread at the Wildland Urban Interface, A Collection of Geospatial Technological Approaches for Wildland and Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Fire Events, Flammable refrigerants: Fire Fighter Training Material Development Workshop, NFPA Building Safety and Security Workshop, Workshop on School Safety, Codes and Security - December 2014, Preparing for Disaster: Workshop on Advancing WUI Resilience, Public Safety sUAS Compliance Training Workshop, Global Research Update: High Challenge Storage Protection, Workshop for Survey on Usage and Functionality of Smoke Alarms and CO Alarms in Households, Big Data and Fire Protection Systems Workshop, Power Over the Ethernet (PoE) Summit: Next Steps, Workshop on Energy Storage Systems and the Built Environment, Marina Shock Hazard Research Planning Workshop, Property Insurance Research Group Forum on PV Panel Fire Risk, Workshop on Smart Buildings and Fire Safety, The Next Five Years in Fire and Electrical Safety, Resiliency and Emergency Preparedness Workshop, Workshop Proceedings on Emergency Responder Vehicles, Fire Hose Workshop in Support of the Technical Committee, Competencies for Responders to Incidents of Flammable Liquids in Transport Developing a Codes and Standards Roadmap, Workshop on Key Performance Capabilities and Competencies for High Hazard Incident Commander, Workshop on International Wildfire Risk Reduction, Wildland and WUI Fire Research Planning Workshop, Wildland Urban Interface Land Use Policy Workshop, Economic Impact of Codes and Standards: A Workshop on Needs and Resources, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and Solar Safety, Campaign for Fire Service Contamination Control, Environmental impact of fire - Research road map, WUINITY a platform for the simulation of wildlandurban interface fire evacuation, Protection of Storage Under Sloped Ceilings Phase 3, Safe Quantity of Open Medical Gas Storage in a Smoke Compartment, PPE and Fire Service Gear Cleaning Validation, Stranded Energy within Lithium-Ion Batteries, Fire Fighter Flammable Refrigerant Training, Influence of wood particulate size and moisture content on deflagration hazard, Enhancing Incident Commander Competencies for Management of Incidents Involving Pipeline and Rail Car Spills of Flammable Liquids, The Fire Protection Research Foundation's 40th Anniversary, NFPA Community Risk Assessment Pilot Project, About the NFPA Research Library and Archives, Firefighter Injuries in the United States in 2019, Large-Loss Fires in the United States in 2019, Catastrophic Fires and Explosions in the United States in 2019, Catastrophic Multiple-Death Fires and Explosions by Type in 2019, Report: Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2019, Selected 2019 US Firefighter Fatality Incidents, Addressing Stranded Energy Starts with Learning More About It, 2018 Large-Loss Fires and Explosions in the United States Report, Selected 2018 US Firefighter Injury Incidents, Nonmetallic tubes: No longer a pipe dream, International: Again, Russian mall fires spark outcry, suspicion, 2018 Fire Loss in the United States report, 2018 Catastrophic Multiple-Death Fires Report, Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2018, Selected 2018 US Firefighter Fatality Incidents, 2017 Catastrophic Multiple Death Fire Report, Firefighter Fatalities in the United States.

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